- 西安城市研究
- 文章编号：1009-6000(2024)08-0001-08
- 中图分类号：TU984 文献标识码：B
- Doi：10.3969/j.issn.1009-6000.2024.08.001
- 项目基金：“十四五”重点研发计划课题（2022Y F C3802801）；陕西省自然科学基础研究计划面上项目（2022J M-290）；西部绿色建筑国家重点实验室自主研究课题（LSZZ202112）。
- 作者简介：王侠，博士，西安建筑科技大学建筑学院、绿色建筑全国重点实验室，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为城市教育设施布局、个体行为与城市空间研究等；
吴培，硕士，陕西省土地工程建设集团有限责任公司，研究方向为个体行为与时空研究。
- 基于住教平衡的西安城区小学学区空间评价
- Evaluation of Spaces of Urban Primary School District in Xi’an Based on the Balance of Housing and Education
- 浏览量：
- 王侠 吴培
- WANG Xia WU Pe
- 摘要：
城市小学学区空间服务水平对促进我国义务教育优质均衡发展具有重要意义。从“住教资源匹配性、通学时空可达性、教育资源可获性”3 个方面构建评价指标体系，对西安主城 4 区 196 个小学学区空间进行评价。结果显示，多数学区的住教资源，如住教人口、通学范围以及生均用地指标等供需不匹配 ；主城 4 区小学学区通学可达性整体较好 ；学区之间优质教育资源空间不均衡，但是各区之间教育质量分异不显著，近一半学区学校建设水平和师资配置不达标。在空间上一环内小学学区空间整体服务水平相对较好。总结了 8 类学区空间特征，讨论其形成原因并提出了优化建议，以期为小学学区空间精准优化提供依据。 - 关键词：
学区空间；空间评价；住教平衡；城区小学；西安市； - Abstract: The spatial service level of urban primary school districts is of great significance in promoting the quality and balanced development of compulsory education in China. This paper evaluates 196 elementary school districts in four districts of Xi’an city by an evaluation index system constructed from three aspects, namely, the matching of residential and educational resources, the accessibility of time and space, and the availability of educational resources. The results show that there is a mismatch between the supply and demand of residential and education resources in terms of residential and educational population, the scope of access to schools, and the indicator of per capita land use in most school districts; the accessibility of elementary school districts in the four main districts of Xi’an is better on the whole; the spatial distribution of high-quality education resources among school districts is imbalanced but there is no significant difference in the quality of education among each district, and nearly half of the districts is not up to the standards in terms of construction quality of the school building and teacher allocation. In terms of space, the overall service level of the primary school district within the first ring is relatively good. Finally, this article summarizes the spatial characteristics of eight types of school districts, discusses the reasons for their formation and makes optimization suggestions, in order to provide a basis for the precise optimization of primary school district space.
- Key words: school district space; spatial evaluation; balance between residence and education; urban primary school; Xi’an
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