- 规划与建设
- 文章编号：1009-6000(2026)03-0050-07
- 中图分类号：TU984 文献标识码：B
- Doi：10.3969/j.issn.1009-6000.2026.03.007
- 项目基金：国家自然科学基金项目“面向城市交通综合治理的多源交通流模式挖掘及智能模拟评价方法”（42371416）；北京建筑大学博士研究生科研能力提升项目“基于共生理论的传统村落群保护利用研究——以河北邢台信都为例”（DG2025006）。
- 作者简介：程歆玥，北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院，博士研究生，研究方向为城市流动感知、交通大数据可视化；
张健钦，通信作者，博士，北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院，教授、博导，研究方向为空间信息与城市交通的交叉应用研究；
黄凯，硕士，丹棱县规划和自然资源局不动产登记中心，研究方向为交通大数据；
刘阿琳，北京建筑大学建筑与城市规划学院，博士研究生，研究方向为建筑设计及其理论；欧建西，博士，住房和城乡建设部科技与产业化中心，研究方向为人工智能与规划设计。
- 基于节点—区域—流动模型的北京市站点聚类评价与规划策略研究
- Research on Station Clustering Evaluation and Planning Strategies of Beijing Based on Node—Region—Flow Model
- 程歆玥 张健钦 黄凯 刘阿琳 欧建西
- CHENG Xinyue ZHANG Jianqin HUANG Kai LIU Alin OU Jianxi
- 摘要：
“两网融合”是北京“十四五”交通发展建设规划的首要任务，也是促进交通设施、土地利用和人口流动优化布局的重要措施。文章采用北京市轨道和公交两网数据和节点—区域—流动模型，对北京市轨道交通站点进行聚类和评价，提出站点设计策略；并基于站点聚类的城市空间布局，提出规划应对。结果表明：（1）北京市绝大多数轨道交通站点呈现“低节点—高区域—高流动”，其主要服务于中心城区的职住、旅游和换乘，而对商贸和近郊的居住、综合服务功能较少。要因点施策促进“两网融合”，增设轨道交通站点换乘线路和50 m范围内公交站场数量，宜直连商业或其他建筑。（2）节点—区域—流动模型聚类结果为“9 类 5 层”，即首都功能核心区为区域控制型 1类站点，中心城区分为核心、商贸和职住共 3 类枢纽站，城郊过渡地区的景区和换乘中心 1 类，近郊分为轨道微中心和大型居住区共 2 类站点，周围地区分为普通舒适和综合便捷共 2 类站点。北京市应完善中心城区的空间布局，构建“9 类 5 层”的错位发展格局。 - 关键词：
站点聚类；节点—场所模型；多网融合；轨道微中心；城市空间布局 - Abstract: “Two-network integration” is the primary task of Beijing’s 14th Five-Year Plan for transportation development and construction, and an important measure for promoting the optimized layout of transportation facilities, land use, and population flows. This study uses data from Beijing’s rail and bus networks together with the node–region–flow model to cluster and evaluate rail transit stations in Beijing and proposes station design strategies; based on the urban spatial structure derived from station clustering, corresponding planning responses are also proposed. The results show that: (1) The vast majority of rail transit stations in Beijing display a pattern of “low node–high region–high flow”, mainly serving employment–residence, tourism, and transfer functions in the central urban area, while providing relatively limited support for commercial and near-suburban residential and comprehensive service functions. Targeted measures should be adopted for individual stations to promote two-network integration, including adding rail transit transfer lines and increasing the number of bus stops within a 50-meter radius, preferably with direct connections to commercial or other buildings. (2) The clustering results of the node–region–flow model identify “9 types and 5 layers”: the capital core functional area corresponds to one region-controlled type of station; the central urban area includes three hub types-core, commercial, and employment-residence; scenic areas and transfer centers in suburban transition zones form one type; near-suburban areas include rail micro-centers and large residential-area types; and surrounding areas include ordinary-comfort and comprehensive-convenience types. Beijing should improve the spatial layout of the central urban area and establish a differentiated “9 types and 5 layers” development pattern.
- Key words: station clustering; node-place model; multi-network integration; rail micro-center; urban spatial layout